M-Spike details
What M-Spike shows
An M-spike is a distinctive, narrow spike seen on a protein electrophoresis test, caused by an overabundance of a single, identical antibody protein produced by one abnormal clone of plasma cells — as opposed to the broad, varied range of antibodies a healthy immune system normally produces. Its presence is used to screen for and monitor conditions like multiple myeloma and related plasma cell disorders (including MGUS, a more common and often benign precursor condition), and, once identified, the size of the M-spike is tracked over time to monitor disease progression or treatment response.
Tests that include M-Spike
Serum protein electrophoresis is an analytical technique that separates serum protein into six fractions: Albumin, Alpha-1, Alpha-2, Beta-1, Beta-2, and Gamma. It is used to evaluate collagen diseases, inflammatory states, macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom, monoclonal gammopathies, and myeloma.
- Albumin The main protein made by your liver, which helps balance fluids and carries hormones, vitamins, and medications through your blood. Low levels can point to liver, kidney, or nutrition issues.
- Albumin/Globulin Ratio Compares your two main blood protein types, albumin and globulin. An abnormal ratio can point toward liver disease, kidney problems, or immune system conditions.
- Alpha-1 Globulin One of the protein groups measured in a protein electrophoresis test. Changes in this fraction can be an early sign of inflammation or certain liver or lung conditions.
- Alpha-2 Globulin One of the protein groups measured in a protein electrophoresis test. Elevated levels are often seen with inflammation, kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome), or certain cancers.
- Beta-1 Globulin One of the protein groups measured in a protein electrophoresis test, which includes transferrin. Changes can relate to iron status or certain liver and kidney conditions.
- Gamma Globulin The protein fraction that includes most of your antibodies (immunoglobulins). Elevated levels can reflect chronic infection, inflammation, or certain blood disorders.
- Globulin A group of blood proteins that includes antibodies and various transport proteins. Assessed together with albumin to evaluate liver, kidney, and immune function.
- M-Spike A distinctive spike seen on protein electrophoresis caused by an abnormal, single clone of antibody protein. Used to screen for and monitor conditions like multiple myeloma.
- Total Protein The combined amount of all proteins in your blood, mainly albumin and globulins, used to help evaluate liver, kidney, and nutritional status.
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