Salivary Gland Protein 1 (SP1) Antibody (IgA) details
What Salivary Gland Protein 1 (SP1) Antibody (IgA) shows
Salivary gland protein 1 (SP-1) is a protein found in the salivary and tear glands. Antibodies against it have been proposed as early markers of Sjögren's syndrome, an autoimmune condition that causes dry eyes and dry mouth. This test measures the IgA type in your blood, as part of an early Sjögren's profile alongside other newer antibodies. A positive result may support autoimmune involvement of these glands, especially when standard markers such as SSA and SSB are negative. These antibodies are less established than the standard tests and are not part of formal diagnostic criteria, so results are interpreted with your symptoms, examination and other tests.
Tests that include Salivary Gland Protein 1 (SP1) Antibody (IgA)
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which loss of salivary gland and lachrymal gland function is associated with hypergammaglobulinemia, autoantibody production, mild kidney and lung disease and eventually lymphoma. SS involves dry eyes and dry mouth without systemic features that may be either primary or secondary to another autoimmune disease, such as SLE. Patients with SS and picked up at a late stage in their disease, after the salivary glands and lachrymal glands are already destroyed, because they are asymptomatic until that time. At this point, only symptomatic treatment can be offered for abnormal lachrymal and salivary gland function. The diagnosis for SS is currently at a crossroad with the American College of Rheumatology providing which requires characteristic autoantibodies (SS-A/SS-B) or minor salivary gland biopsy. Since lip biopsies are not frequently performed in clinical practice, there is increased emphasis placed on autoantibodies in diagnosis. The current Ro and La antibodies can delay the diagnosis by over 6 years.Recently novel antibodies identified to salivary gland protein 1 (SP-1), carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6) and parotid secretory protein (PSP) using western blot methodology. Further studies have shown that the isotype differentiation of the markers adds to the sensitivity of diagnosis of SS. These autoantibodies occurred earlier in the course of the disease than antibodies to Ro or La. In addition antibodies to SP-1, CA-6 and PSP were found in patients meeting the criteria for SS who lacked antibodies to Ro or La. Furthermore, in patients with idiopathic xerostomia and xerophthalmia for less than 2 years, 76% had antibodies to SP-1 and/or CA6 while only 31% had antibodies to Ro or La.
- Carbonic Anhydrase 6 (CA6) Antibody (IgA) Measures IgA antibodies against carbonic anhydrase 6, a salivary gland enzyme, used as a marker in early Sjogren's syndrome testing.
- Carbonic Anhydrase 6 (CA6) Antibody (IgG) Measures IgG antibodies against carbonic anhydrase 6, a salivary gland enzyme, used as a marker in early Sjogren's syndrome testing.
- Carbonic Anhydrase 6 (CA6) Antibody (IgM) Measures IgM antibodies against carbonic anhydrase 6, a salivary gland enzyme, used as a marker in early Sjogren's syndrome testing.
- Parotid Secretory Protein (PSP) Antibody (IgA) Measures IgA antibodies to parotid secretory protein, one of several newer markers studied as possible early signs of Sjogren's syndrome.
- Parotid Secretory Protein (PSP) Antibody (IgG) Measures IgG antibodies to parotid secretory protein, one of several newer markers studied as possible early signs of Sjogren's syndrome.
- Parotid Secretory Protein (PSP) Antibody (IgM) Measures IgM antibodies to parotid secretory protein, one of several newer markers studied as possible early signs of Sjogren's syndrome.
- Salivary Gland Protein 1 (SP1) Antibody (IgA) Measures IgA antibodies to salivary gland protein 1, a newer marker studied as an early sign of Sjögren's syndrome.
- Salivary Gland Protein 1 (SP1) Antibody (IgG) Measures IgG antibodies to salivary gland protein 1, a newer marker studied as an early sign of Sjögren's syndrome.
- Salivary Gland Protein 1 (SP1) Antibody (IgM) Measures IgM antibodies to salivary gland protein 1, a newer marker studied as an early sign of Sjögren's syndrome.
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